More than a sports supplement: the role of creatine in brain energy

Although creatine is best known as a supplement for muscle performance, the molecule also plays an important role in the brain’s energy metabolism. The brain uses about 20% of the total energy the body consumes, even though it makes up only a small part of body weight. A stable energy supply is therefore essential for optimal cognitive function.

As in muscle cells, the creatine-phosphocreatine system functions in brain cells as an energy buffer. Phosphocreatine can rapidly regenerate ATP when neurons suddenly need extra energy, for example during intense cognitive activity. In this way, creatine can help stabilize the energy supply in brain cells.

Several studies have examined whether creatine supplementation can also affect cognitive performance. In a randomized study by Rae et al. (2003), healthy adults received creatine or a placebo for six weeks. The researchers observed significant improvements in working memory and performance on complex cognitive tasks in the creatine group.

In addition, a systematic review by Avgerinos et al. (2018) suggests that creatine may have beneficial effects on cognitive functions such as memory and mental performance, particularly in situations where the brain’s energy demand is increased, for example during sleep deprivation or mental fatigue.

In addition to these effects on cognitive performance, creatine is also being studied for potential neuroprotective properties. Experimental research suggests that creatine may support mitochondrial function and protect brain cells against energy depletion and oxidative stress.

Although research in this field is still developing, current findings suggest that creatine may not only be relevant for muscles, but also for the brain’s energy metabolism.

Would you like to read more about the mechanisms of creatine and further scientific detail? Then read Here Further.

Sources:

Rae C et al., Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2003.2492

Avgerinos KI et al., Experimental Gerontology, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.07.013